A LITTLE ABOUT MALAYSIA

Introduction
Malaysia is found in rapidly developing South East Asia and is a member of the trading group known as the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN). Malaysia is a country in transition from a developing nation to a first world country. Its ambitious Vision 2020 is intended to attain developed status by the year 2020. Although many parts of Malaysia are still experiencing the growth pangs of development, the cities, especially the capital Kuala Lumpur, have many of the amenities and appearances of a first world country.

Malaysia is actually divided into two separate regions :

  1. Peninsular Malaysia is found between Thailand to the north and the Island and City of Singapore to the south. There are eleven states in Peninsular Malaysia: Johor, Kedah, Penang (an island), Kelantan, Malacca, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Terengganu, and Selangor as well as the Federal Territory in which Kuala Lumpur is situated (much like Washington’s District of Columbia). Taylor’s College is located in Selangor which is about 18 km west of Kuala Lumpur.
  2. East Malaysia, which consists of the 13th and 14th states of Sabah and Sarawak, is found on the north coast of Borneo and borders the Indonesian province of Kalimantan and the oil rich country of Brunei Darulsalam. East Malaysia is approximately 643 km and 2 hrs flight time east of Peninsular Malaysia across the South China Sea.

Geography
Malaysia has an equatorial climate with an average daily temperature between 21oC to 32oC throughout the year. Relative humidity is high and averages between 80 and 90%. Do not be alarmed by this as most buildings are air-conditioned and even a ceiling fan can do much to keep you comfortable. Rainfall tends to be heavy, averaging about 254 cm/year. The year is separated into “dry” and “wet” seasons. The “wet” seasons are characterized by the monsoon seasons - the South-West monsoon, from mid-May to September, normally brings heavy rain to the West Coast while the North-East monsoon normally brings heavy rain the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia as well as Sabah and Sarawak from October to February. Kuala Lumpur experiences most of its heavy rains from October to December as well as some cooler temperatures. Recent climatic changes as well as deforestation in the region has disrupted these patterns somewhat but you can still expect to experience many spectacular rain storms during your stay in Malaysia.

Population
The population of Malaysia is approximately 20 million and growing rapidly at a rate of about 2.2% per year. About 85% of the population lives in Peninsular Malaysia with the remainder evenly split between Sabah and Sarawak. Malaysia has a young population with approximately 40% of the total under 14 years of age.

Malaysia has a multi-ethnic population consisting of many racial groups. The Malays form the majority followed by the Malaysian Chinese and Malaysian Indians and others. In East Malaysia, the many cultural groups form a rich tapestry of fascinating people and traditions. The dominant groups in East Malaysia are the Iban and Bidayuh peoples in Sarawak and the Kadazans in Sabah as well as over a dozen other groups.

Language and Religion
The National and, thus, the official language is Bahasa Malaysia. English is widely spoken especially in commerce and industry and most of the people you will contact on a daily basis will be able to converse with you in English. English is a compulsory second language within the Malaysian school system for primary and secondary school children. Another language spoken is Mandarin and there are many Chinese dialects spoken, with Cantonese and Hokkien being the most common. Tamil, Hindi, and Punjabi are also spoken among the various Indian communities.

The official religion of Malaysia is Islam but the country allows for freedom of worship and the different ethnic groups are allowed to follow their own religions. You will notice that the gap between religion and state is not as wide as it is in the West. The Government strongly encourages its people to have strong religious convictions. The practice of Islam here is quite moderate and freedom of worship is guaranteed by the constitution and there are many followers of Buddhism, Hinduism, Taoism and Christianity found in Malaysia. It will, therefore, be easy to find places to practice your faith and your fellow staff members will be more than happy to direct you to the nearest mosque, temple or church of any denomination.

Government
Malaysia gained independence from Britain on the 31st August 1957 (Merdeka Day). The Malaysian constitution became law on the 16th September 1963 when East Malaysia joined Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore left the union.

The Head of State is the King (known as the Yang DiPertuan Agung). The King and the deputy Head of State are elected every five years by the Conference of Rulers from the heredity rulers of the Malay States. The Conference of Rulers consists of the nine Malay states of Perlis, Kedah, Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Johor, Pahang, Terengganu and Kelantan together with the Governors of the States of Penang, Malacca, Sabah and Sarawak.

The government is headed by the Prime Minister. This position is currently held by Datuk Seri Dr. Mahathir Mohamad. The number of women holding seats in the parliament, although still small, has been growing over the past few years as more and more women are participating in the political process.

Currency
The Malaysian monetary unit is the Ringgit and indicated by placing RM in front of the money figure. The Ringgit is divided into 100 sen (cents). Money is found in 1 sen, 5 sen, 10 sen, 20 sen , 50 sen and 1 ringgit coins. Bills are printed in RM1, RM2, RM5, RM10, RM20, RM50 and RM100.

All costs listed here will be quoted in Malaysian Ringgit (RM).

The exchange rate will not be quoted, at this point, as like all currencies, the Malaysian Ringgit will fluctuate. You are best advised to check the exchange rate at your local bank or money changer.

Travelling Within Malaysia
To get away from the heat and the fast pace of Kuala Lumpur, one has only to go to the Highland regions where temperatures can drop 10-15oC from the valley regions. Relatively nearby Kuala Lumpur are Genting Highlands and Fraser’s Hill. Genting has a theme park and a gambling casino while Fraser’s is a little more laid back and good for walking, hiking and cycling. A little farther north is Cameron Highlands where many temperate plants are grown like flowers and strawberries as well as more commercial crops like tea. Cameron also presents one with a quiet, laid back, relaxing and cool environment.

For those who prefer the sea, Penang Island, Port Dickson, and the east coast may be for you. Other places to consider:

  • Tioman, Perhentian, Redang - coastal islands, peaceful, snorkeling, scuba diving
  • Melaka - old and historical sea port - can be done in a weekend
  • Penang - island on the west coast, Georgetown and beaches on north of island
  • Langkawi - resort beach area, island on the west coast
  • Kuching - main city in Sarawak - great shopping for Malaysian artifacts, starting point for river trips to the longhouses of the Orang Asli etc.
  • Kota Kinabalu - need a week to climb the mountain, Mount Kinabalu - highest peak in South East Asia.
  • Sipidan - Island off the coast of Sabah. Claimed by divers and snorkelers to be the best diving in the world.
Travelling Outside Malaysia
Some recommended locations:
  • Sumatra - Bukit Lawang and Lake Toba
  • Bali
  • Thailand - the island of Koh Samui is nice
  • Vietnam
  • Hong Kong
  • India
  • Australia
  • New Zealand
  • Burma (Myanmar) - some restrictions but still recommended
  • China - some whirlwind package tours are available that allow you to see the most in a limited time
  • Laos - again some restrictions but fascinating sites to see